I believe that one of
the more intimate and, in a certain sense, subtle traditions that surround the
Jewish wedding ceremony, the Chuppah, is the breaking of a plate. Like many Jewish traditions and customs (or
minhagim), reasons for this minhag are varied.
Let me start by
answering the age-old questions: who, what, where, how and why.
Who breaks the
plate? For the most part, this minhag is followed by
Jews of European ancestry, although these days, some Sephardic Jews are
following this minhag as well.
The mothers of the
kallah and chatan break the plate together.
Traditionally the mothers hold opposite ends of the plate and break it
over a table corner or back of a chair.
The best and safest way to do this is to first place the plate in
a cloth bag or pillow case and then smash it.
The pillow case protects the hands and eyes the mothers and onlookers from
the shards of broken glass.What is broken? Typically this is a white, dinner-size plate. The plate can be plain or be highly decorated in a variety of colored paints with gold and silver trim and adorned with pisukim (quotes from the Torah – especially Tehilim) and/or illustrations, such as scenes of Jerusalem, the Tree of Life and more. I believe that no two plates should have the same decorations, just as no two couples are the alike!
The names of the kallah and chatan ARE NOT WRITTEN on the plates. The reason behind this is that the act of breaking the plate would cause the breaking apart the letters of couples' names and that would be the antithesis of the act of bringing the couple together under the chuppah.
Examples of plates
Pasuk with Walls of Jerusalem and Hamsah in center |
Pasuk with Tree of Life in center |
Pasuk with Walls of Jerusalem and Sun in center |
For more plate designs and ordering information visit my site: www.yochistyles.com
What is said while
breaking the plate?
No bracha is said – just a resounding
"Mazal Tov!" after breaking the plate.
Why is a plate
broken? The answer to this one is as varied as any
minhag (tradition). Some say that the
breaking symbolizes the "…seriousness of the commitment", as stated
in Aish's Guide to the Jewish Wedding http://www.aish.com/jl/l/m/48969841.html
in the section "Kabbalat Panim".
There is another
explanation that compares the breaking of the plate with the breaking of the
relationship between the children and the parents and how the kallah and chatan
must now create a life together.
My favorite explanation
is that for the kallah and chatan, the breaking of the plate symbolizes the
break with their 'old' lives and the beginning of their new lives. And just as you cannot reassemble a broken
plate, the kallah and chatan cannot go back to their old lives.
When is the plate
broken? Traditionally the breaking of the plate
takes place either during the Engagement (or Eirusin) Party or on the
day of the wedding, after the chatan signs the ketubah (at the chasan's tish)
and before the bedeken and chuppah.
When the plate is broken
during the Eirusin, all the guests of the Party witness this ceremony and
become a part of its celebration. When
the ceremony takes place between the signing of the ketubah and the bedeken/chuppah,
it is many times witnessed only by the immediate families, the witnesses to the
signing of the ketubah and the group of men who participate in the chasan's
tish and usually not the kallah.
The breaking of the
plate can be carried out whenever you chose and according to your own personal
minhagim and timetable.
What is done with
the broken plate? This is another lovely minhag that takes the
kallah and chatan's love for each other and hopes of building a life together
and passes it on to their unmarried friends and relatives.
The shards of the plate
are collected and then a shard or two is inserted into small organza
draw-string bags and distributed to unmarried friends and relatives. The bags can be distributed immediately after
this ceremony or as these friends and relatives are encountered.
The shards of the plates
are considered a 'segula'; a remedy (that can be in the form of a
trinket, such as a red string or any article) that is considered to have
special "powers" to help a person acquire her/his heart's
desire. The list of segulas is never ending. Another example of a segula is a
slice of challah, cut from the big challah eaten during a celebration of a bris,
given to a woman who wishes to get pregnant.
This segula is believed to help a woman give birth to boys.
An alternative to
distributing the shards or in addition to the segula, the shards of the plate and
of the broken cup from the chuppah can be saved and then used to create a
picture (usually scenes of Jerusalem), or artistically arranged and glued to
the frame of a photograph of the kallah and chatan or made into any other
memento of the chuppah.
What do you need
to do if you want to have the Plate Breaking ceremony?
- First of all decide when
you would like to hold this ceremony.
- Then, either purchase a
specially designed plate or buy a plain white dinner plate. If you have many unmarried friends/relatives or wish to create a momento of your own,
I recommend breaking more than one plate.
- Buy organza draw-string bags; these
bags usually come in sets of ten.
Always buy more than you think you need.
- Bring to the ceremony: the plate(s),
a large pillow case and the organza bags.
- Make sure your photographer
takes pictures of the ceremony!
Mazal Tov!
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